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Climate change, human activity causing global water cycles to become 'increasingly erratic': World Meteorological Organization_我的网站

A |     Climate change and human activity are causing the world's hydrological cycle to spin out of balance, according to a new report from the World Meteorological Organization.Global water cycles are becoming "increasingly erratic" due to droughts, extreme rainfall and the increased melting of snow, ice and glaciers -- all of which are a threat to long-term water security, the 2022 State of Global Water Resources report, released Thursday, found.About 3.6 billion people already face inadequate access to water at least a month per year, according to the United Nations. That number is expected to increase to 5 billion by 2050, officials said.Extreme glacier loss is occurring from the Tibetan Plateau to mountain ranges in the Himalayas, the Alps and the Andes -- all of which threaten the water security for millions of people who live on the rivers supplied by the melting."Glaciers and ice cover are retreating before our eyes," WMO Secretary-General Petteri Tallas said in a statement.In addition, rising temperatures have accelerated, causing the atmosphere to hold more moisture and facilitate more heavy downpour episodes that lead to flooding, Tallas said, adding that the "overwhelming majority" of disasters are water-related.More than 50% of the global catchment areas in large river basins experienced deviations from normal discharge conditions in 2022, according to the report. Most of these areas were drier than normal, but a smaller percentage of basins displayed above or much above normal conditions.Hotter temperatures are also causing more evaporation and much more intense droughts, Tallas said.Throughout 2022, anomalies in soil moisture and evaporation also experienced deviations, according to the report. Places like Europe saw increased evaporation and decreased soil moisture and river flows during the summer due to a major heat wave and drought, which led to challenges in agriculture as well as the shutdown of some hydrological power plants due to lack of cooling water, according to the report.Severe droughts impacted other parts of Europe in Summer 2022, posing transportation challenges on the Danube and Rhine rivers in Germany, and disrupting nuclear power production in France. In the U.S., the navigation on the Mississippi River was affected by extremely low water levels due to the continuous drought occurring in the region.The switch from La Nina in 2022 to El Nino conditions in 2023 will likely also have a major impact on water cycles around the world, the researchers said.The WMO is calling for improved monitoring and data-sharing across borders, as well as an increase in investments to facilitate international collaboration, in order to help society cope with increasing water extremes, whether it be too much or too little. They are also calling for more early warnings, and coordinated water management policy, according to the report.。    　　讯 8月21日，国家能源局发布7月份全社会用电量等数据。　　7月份，全社会用电量10400亿千瓦时，同比增长1.7%。从分产业用电看，第一产业用电量167亿千瓦时，同比下降2.0%。第二产业用电量6116亿千瓦时，同比增长3.0%；其中，工业用电量6055亿千瓦时，同比增长3.3%，高技术及装备制造业用电量1220亿千瓦时，同比增长8.9%。

B | 第三产业用电量2183亿千瓦时，同比增长4.8%；其中，充换电服务业、互联网数据服务用电量分别为164亿、99亿千瓦时，增速分别达到50.3%、40.1%。城乡居民生活用电量1935亿千瓦时，同比下降5.1%。　　1～7月，全社会用电量累计61399亿千瓦时，同比增长4.7%。从分产业用电看，第一产业用电量877亿千瓦时，同比增长3.5%。

C | 第二产业用电量39173亿千瓦时，同比增长4.7%；其中，工业用电量38815亿千瓦时，同比增长4.9%，高技术及装备制造业用电量7228亿千瓦时，同比增长9.7%。第三产业用电量12100亿千瓦时，同比增长7.4%；其中，充换电服务业、互联网数据服务用电量分别为974亿、593亿千瓦时，增速分别达到55.8%、43.3%。城乡居民生活用电量9249亿千瓦时，同比增长1.3%。版权申明：凡注有“”或电头为“”的稿件，均为独家版权所有，未经许可不得转载或镜像；授权转载必须注明来源为“”，并保留“”的电头。    。

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